I'm no expert, but my buddy recently hit two 120' branches on his first attempts using a Big Shot. (We call him "Master Blaster" now.) His Big Shot is set up for use with a fishing reel and fishing line. The throwbag was a 4oz bag. (I think it's called a "Bee?" It's a small yellow shot-filled bag.) Lighter bags go higher, not heavier bags. The only bummer about lighter bags is sometimes they have trouble pulling your line back down if the bark is rough or if the bag passes through fluffy branches on its way down. But, like I said, with a little patience we got a 4oz bag to pull fishing line down to us on the first try from 120' in a redwood, twice.
Then you use the fishing line to pull up your throwline (anything will do, but--as always--the less tangle the better), and then use your throwline to pull up your climbing rope.
I wouldn't use a ball. Bouncing around up there is unlikely to help you. It'll only make it less likely that you'll be able to jiggle the line and get the bag to come all the way back down to you. You want a bag that absorbs all the impact-energy from anything it touches. I could be wrong, but I think shot-fill does that best.
Oh, also, this wasn't released by hand! His Big Shot is configured with one of those snap-release triggers. That makes a huge difference! Pull the Big Shot back halfway, connect the release-trigger, make sure everything seems stable, then load the throwbag into the Big Shot's pouch. Now slide the release down the pole to nearly the bottom. (The fishing reel will be all the way at the very bottom of your poles.) Take up the slack fishing line, but then make sure you hit the fishing-reel release! Get all lined up, shout "firing!", then let 'er rip!
Helmets and safety glasses are a must! (Honestly, we wear a helmet and a face shield when we use the Big Shot as I just described it.) And look down (or at least straight forward) the moment before you fire. When the Big Shot misfires, it CAN throw that throwbag right back at you! It is not pretty!! No joke!! Bystanders are helpful for fine-tuning your aim, but should stand well clear, and should also be wearing helmets AND safety glasses.
Your mileage may vary.
Although I'm serious about the safety measures. This post makes sense to me since I can picture what we did. If it's confusing, ask questions!